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AOD 9604 Chemical Structure

AOD 9604 Peptide (Anti-Obesity Drug-9604), AKA Lipotropin

The peptide AOD 9604, also known as Tyr-HGH Frag 176-191 or “Anti-Obesity Drug -9604”, is a growth hormone analog that belongs to a group of peptides called Growth Hormone Releasing Hormones (GHRHs). However, unlike other GHRHs, AOD9604 does not stimulate the release of growth hormones. Instead, it mimics the action of a hormone called ghrelin, which is produced in the stomach and is involved in regulating appetite and energy balance. As such, the AOD-9604 peptide was originally designed to target fat without the anabolic affects other Growth Hormone Analogues have.

What is AOD 9604?

AOD 9064 stands for Anti-Obesity Drug and is derived from Human Growth Hormone (HGH). This peptide is used in scientific research to study obesity and its treatment. In studies on mice, it showed potential for weight loss without muscle gain.  However, it was discontinued in phase 2 studies on humans.  As of now, it is not intended for human use, and its purchase and use are limited to scientific research purposes only.

What are Growth Hormone Analogues?

Growth hormone analogs connect to growth hormone receptors to trigger cell-to-cell signaling in order to increase or regulate IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), which is responsible for bone and muscle tissue growth.

History of AOD-9604

AOD-9604 is a modified fragment of human growth hormone that was originally developed by Professor Frank Ng at Monash University in Australia in 1990.  It was then first developed into a potential anti-obesity drug by a pharmaceutical company, Metabolic Pharmaceuticals, in 2003.  The company conducted a clinical trial to test the effectiveness of AOD 9064 in reducing body fat in humans. However, the trial was discontinued, and AOD 9064 is not currently a pharmaceutical drug.

Uses in Scientific Research & Advancement

While AOD 9064 is not approved for human use, it has been used in many scientific studies to investigate its potential benefits in treating obesity and related metabolic disorders in the early 2000’s. For instance, a study published in the Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism showed that daily injections of AOD 9064 reduced body weight and abdominal fat in obese postmenopausal women without affecting blood pressure or glucose metabolism. Another study published in the Journal of Diabetes Research showed that AOD 9064 improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in obese mice.  More recently in 2020, AOD-9604 went through clinical trials for potential use in the treatment of pain.  With more studies to come, AOD9604 will eventually find its place in the pharmaceutical community.

Why isn't AOD-9604 a pharmaceutical drug?

It initially showed positive results in mice.  However, the receptor in which it binds to in mice is completely different to that in humans.  Therefore, there’s potential to have very different effects in humans.  Other thoughts on the drug were to target growth hormone deficiency.  However, the human drug trials stopped at phase 2 and were never continued.

 

Yes.  It is legal to buy AOD 9604 for research purposes only at this time. 

 

Is AOD 9604 FDA Approved?

The FDA has not formally approved AOD-9604.  However, some posts on the internet state it is under the GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) rulings.

 

Is AOD9604 peptide considered GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) by the FDA?

The internet is full of posts that AOD is FDA approved under the Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) status.  However, the peptide AOD-9604 is not listed in the FDA’s GRAS Notices Database.

 

AOD 9604 Identifiers

TYPEIDENTIFIER
AliasesLipotropin, Anti-Obesity Drug-9604, AOD 9604, AOD9604, AOD-9604, AOD 9604 Peptide, AOD9604 Peptide, Peptide AOD 9604, 221231-10-3, UNII-7UP768IP4M, 7UP768IP4M, AOD 9064, AOD-9064, AOD9064
Chemical FormulaC78H123N23O23S2
Molar Mass1815.1 g/mol
CANONICAL SMILESCCC(C)C(C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)N)
C(=O)NC1CSSCC(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C
(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC1=O)CCC
NC(=N)N)CO)C(C)C)CCC(=O)O)CO)C(=O)
NCC(=O)NC(CC2=CC=CC=C2)C(=O)O)
NC(=O)C(CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)
NC(=O)C(CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)N
InChIInChI=1S/C78H123N23O23S2/c1-9-41(8)62
(101-68(115)47(18-14-28-86-78(83)84)
91-69(116)50(29-38(2)3)95-63(110)45
(79)30-43-19-21-44(104)22-20-43)75
(122)100-61(40(6)7)74(121)94-49(23-
25-56(80)105)67(114)98-55-37-126-125
-36-54(65(112)88-32-57(106)89-51(76
(123)124)31-42-15-11-10-12-16-42)97-
70(117)52(34-102)90-58(107)33-87-64
(111)48(24-26-59(108)109)93-73(120)
60(39(4)5)99-71(118)53(35-103)96-66
(113)46(92-72(55)119)17-13-27-85-77
(81)82/h10-12,15-16,19-22,38-41,45-
55,60-62,102-104H,9,13-14,17-18,23-
37,79H2,1-8H3,(H2,80,105)(H,87,111)
(H,88,112)(H,89,106)(H,90,107)(H,91,
116)(H,92,119)(H,93,120)(H,94,121)
(H,95,110)(H,96,113)(H,97,117)(H,98,
114)(H,99,118)(H,100,122)(H,101,115)
(H,108,109)(H,123,124)(H4,81,82,85)
(H4,83,84,86)/t41-,45-,46-,47-,48-,
49-,50-,51-,52-,53-,54-,55-,60-,61-,
62-/m0/s1
InChIKey: GVIYUKXRXPXMQM-
BPXGDYAESA-N
IUPAC NameL-tyrosyl-L-leucyl-L-arginyl-L-
isoleucyl-L-valyl-L-glutaminyl-
L-cysteinyl-L-arginyl-L-seryl-
L-valyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-glycyl-
L-seryl-L-cysteinyl-glycyl-
L-phenylalanine (7->14)-disulfide
CAS Number221231-10-3
PubChem CID71300630
UNII7UP768IP4M

Legal Status

Due to its scientific potential in possibly becoming an application for obesity and related metabolic disorders, AOD 9064 is legal to buy for research purposes only. However, some states in the US have banned its use or possession due to its unapproved status as a pharmaceutical drug. As such, researchers should be aware of the laws and regulations in their state before purchasing or using AOD 9064.

Wikipedia

Wrapping Up

In conclusion, AOD 9064 is a synthetic peptide that mimics the action of ghrelin by reducing body fat without affecting muscle mass. While not currently approved for human use, it has shown some potential in the fields obesity and related metabolic disorders in scientific studies.  It has also, more recently been studied in clinical trials, to treat pain.  The results of these trials are unknown.  Despite its potential benefits, researchers should be careful when handling AOD 9064 and adhere to the laws and regulations in their state. Continued research on AOD 9064 and other peptides will be essential in advancing treatments for metabolic disorders.

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